Earth’s crust
The natural abundance of chemical elements in the Earth’s crust by weight of their atoms in ppb (parts per billion; reference value: one billion). Real values can deviate strongly from the information given.
Oxygen
Silicon
Aluminum
Iron
Calcium
Magnesium
Sodium
Potassium
Titanium
Others
| Element | Abundance | Mass (2.77·1010 Mt) | Price | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8O | Oxygen | 4.6·108 ppb | 46 % | 1.27·1010 Mt | 1.9·1021 USD |
| 14Si | Silicon | 2.7·108 ppb | 27 % | 7.47·109 Mt | 1.2·1022 USD |
| 13Al | Aluminum | 8.2·107 ppb | 8.2 % | 2.27·109 Mt | 4·1021 USD |
| 26Fe | Iron | 6.3·107 ppb | 6.3 % | 1.74·109 Mt | 7.3·1020 USD |
| 20Ca | Calcium | 5·107 ppb | 5 % | 1.38·109 Mt | 3.1·1021 USD |
| 12Mg | Magnesium | 2.9·107 ppb | 2.9 % | 8.03·108 Mt | 1.8·1021 USD |
| 11Na | Sodium | 2.3·107 ppb | 2.3 % | 6.37·108 Mt | 1.9·1021 USD |
| 19K | Potassium | 1.5·107 ppb | 1.5 % | 4.15·108 Mt | 5.3·1021 USD |
| 22Ti | Titanium | 6.6·106 ppb | 0.66 % | 1.82·108 Mt | 2·1021 USD |
| 6C | Carbon | 1.8·106 ppb | 0.18 % | 4.98·107 Mt | 6·1018 USD |
| 1H | Hydrogen | 1.5·106 ppb | 0.15 % | 4.15·107 Mt | 5.7·1019 USD |
| 25Mn | Manganese | 1.1·106 ppb | 0.11 % | 3.04·107 Mt | 5.5·1019 USD |
| 15P | Phosphorus | 1·106 ppb | 0.1 % | 2.77·107 Mt | 7.4·1019 USD |
| 9F | Fluorine | 540,000 ppb | 0.054 % | 1.49·107 Mt | 2.9·1019 USD |
| 16S | Sulfur | 420,000 ppb | 0.042 % | 1.16·107 Mt | 1·1018 USD |
| 38Sr | Strontium | 360,000 ppb | 0.036 % | 9.97·106 Mt | 6.5·1019 USD |
| 56Ba | Barium | 340,000 ppb | 0.034 % | 9.41·106 Mt | 2.4·1018 USD |
| 23V | Vanadium | 190,000 ppb | 0.019 % | 5.26·106 Mt | 1.9·1021 USD |
| 17Cl | Chlorine | 170,000 ppb | 0.017 % | 4.7·106 Mt | 3.8·1017 USD |
| 24Cr | Chromium | 140,000 ppb | 0.014 % | 3.87·106 Mt | 3.6·1019 USD |
| 40Zr | Zirconium | 130,000 ppb | 0.013 % | 3.6·106 Mt | 1.3·1020 USD |
| 28Ni | Nickel | 90,000 ppb | 0.009 % | 2.49·106 Mt | 3.4·1019 USD |
| 30Zn | Zinc | 79,000 ppb | 0.0079 % | 2.18·106 Mt | 5.5·1018 USD |
| 29Cu | Copper | 68,000 ppb | 0.0068 % | 1.88·106 Mt | 1.1·1019 USD |
| 37Rb | Rubidium | 60,000 ppb | 0.006 % | 1.66·106 Mt | 2.5·1022 USD |
| 58Ce | Cerium | 60,000 ppb | 0.006 % | 1.66·106 Mt | 7.7·1018 USD |
| 57La | Lanthanum | 34,000 ppb | 0.0034 % | 941,000 Mt | 4.5·1018 USD |
| 60Nd | Neodymium | 33,000 ppb | 0.0033 % | 914,000 Mt | 5.2·1019 USD |
| 27Co | Cobalt | 30,000 ppb | 0.003 % | 831,000 Mt | 2.7·1019 USD |
| 39Y | Yttrium | 29,000 ppb | 0.0029 % | 803,000 Mt | 2.4·1019 USD |
| 21Sc | Scandium | 26,000 ppb | 0.0026 % | 720,000 Mt | 2.4·1021 USD |
| 7N | Nitrogen | 20,000 ppb | 0.002 % | 554,000 Mt | 7.7·1016 USD |
| 31Ga | Gallium | 19,000 ppb | 0.0019 % | 526,000 Mt | 7.7·1019 USD |
| 3Li | Lithium | 17,000 ppb | 0.0017 % | 470,000 Mt | 3.9·1019 USD |
| 41Nb | Niobium | 17,000 ppb | 0.0017 % | 470,000 Mt | 3.4·1019 USD |
| 82Pb | Lead | 10,000 ppb | 0.001 % | 277,000 Mt | 5.5·1017 USD |
| 5B | Boron | 8,700 ppb | 8.7·10-4 % | 240,000 Mt | 8.8·1017 USD |
| 59Pr | Praseodymium | 8,700 ppb | 8.7·10-4 % | 240,000 Mt | 2.4·1019 USD |
| 66Dy | Dysprosium | 6,200 ppb | 6.2·10-4 % | 171,000 Mt | 5.2·1019 USD |
| 62Sm | Samarium | 6,000 ppb | 6·10-4 % | 166,000 Mt | 2.3·1018 USD |
| 90Th | Thorium | 6,000 ppb | 6·10-4 % | 166,000 Mt | 4.7·1019 USD |
| 64Gd | Gadolinium | 5,200 ppb | 5.2·10-4 % | 144,000 Mt | 4.1·1018 USD |
| 72Hf | Hafnium | 3,300 ppb | 3.3·10-4 % | 91,400 Mt | 8.2·1019 USD |
| 35Br | Bromine | 3,000 ppb | 3·10-4 % | 83,100 Mt | 3.6·1017 USD |
| 68Er | Erbium | 3,000 ppb | 3·10-4 % | 83,100 Mt | 2.1·1018 USD |
| 70Yb | Ytterbium | 2,800 ppb | 2.8·10-4 % | 77,500 Mt | 1.3·1018 USD |
| 50Sn | Tin | 2,200 ppb | 2.2·10-4 % | 60,900 Mt | 1.1·1018 USD |
| 33As | Arsenic | 2,100 ppb | 2.1·10-4 % | 58,100 Mt | 6.6·1016 USD |
| 4Be | Beryllium | 1,900 ppb | 1.9·10-4 % | 52,600 Mt | 4.5·1019 USD |
| 55Cs | Caesium | 1,900 ppb | 1.9·10-4 % | 52,600 Mt | 3.2·1021 USD |
| 63Eu | Europium | 1,800 ppb | 1.8·10-4 % | 49,800 Mt | 1.5·1018 USD |
| 92U | Uranium | 1,800 ppb | 1.8·10-4 % | 49,800 Mt | 5·1018 USD |
| 73Ta | Tantalum | 1,700 ppb | 1.7·10-4 % | 47,000 Mt | 1.4·1019 USD |
| 18Ar | Argon | 1,500 ppb | 1.5·10-4 % | 41,500 Mt | 3.8·1016 USD |
| 32Ge | Germanium | 1,400 ppb | 1.4·10-4 % | 38,700 Mt | 3.7·1019 USD |
| 67Ho | Holmium | 1,200 ppb | 1.2·10-4 % | 33,200 Mt | 1.8·1018 USD |
| 42Mo | Molybdenum | 1,100 ppb | 1.1·10-4 % | 30,400 Mt | 1.2·1018 USD |
| 74W | Tungsten | 1,100 ppb | 1.1·10-4 % | 30,400 Mt | 1·1018 USD |
| 65Tb | Terbium | 940 ppb | 9.4·10-5 % | 26,000 Mt | 1.7·1019 USD |
| 71Lu | Lutetium | 560 ppb | 5.6·10-5 % | 15,500 Mt | 9.9·1018 USD |
| 81Tl | Thallium | 530 ppb | 5.3·10-5 % | 14,600 Mt | 6.1·1019 USD |
| 53I | Iodine | 490 ppb | 4.9·10-5 % | 13,500 Mt | 4.7·1017 USD |
| 69Tm | Thulium | 450 ppb | 4.5·10-5 % | 12,400 Mt | 3.7·1019 USD |
| 51Sb | Antimony | 200 ppb | 2·10-5 % | 5,540 Mt | 3.2·1016 USD |
| 49In | Indium | 160 ppb | 1.6·10-5 % | 4,430 Mt | 7.4·1017 USD |
| 48Cd | Cadmium | 150 ppb | 1.5·10-5 % | 4,150 Mt | 1.1·1016 USD |
| 47Ag | Silver | 80 ppb | 8·10-6 % | 2,210 Mt | 1.1·1018 USD |
| 80Hg | Mercury | 67 ppb | 6.7·10-6 % | 1,850 Mt | 5.6·1016 USD |
| 34Se | Selenium | 50 ppb | 5·10-6 % | 1,380 Mt | 2.9·1016 USD |
| 78Pt | Platinum | 37 ppb | 3.7·10-6 % | 1,020 Mt | 2.8·1019 USD |
| 83Bi | Bismuth | 25 ppb | 2.5·10-6 % | 692 Mt | 4.4·1015 USD |
| 46Pd | Palladium | 6.3 ppb | 6.3·10-7 % | 174 Mt | 8.6·1018 USD |
| 2He | Helium | 5.5 ppb | 5.5·10-7 % | 152 Mt | 3.6·1015 USD |
| 79Au | Gold | 3.1 ppb | 3.1·10-7 % | 85.8 Mt | 3.8·1018 USD |
| 10Ne | Neon | 3 ppb | 3·10-7 % | 83.1 Mt | 1.9·1016 USD |
| 75Re | Rhenium | 2.6 ppb | 2.6·10-7 % | 72 Mt | 2.5·1017 USD |
| 76Os | Osmium | 1.8 ppb | 1.8·10-7 % | 49.8 Mt | 5.9·1017 USD |
| 44Ru | Ruthenium | 1 ppb | 1·10-7 % | 27.7 Mt | 2.9·1017 USD |
| 52Te | Tellurium | 1 ppb | 1·10-7 % | 27.7 Mt | 1.7·1015 USD |
| 45Rh | Rhodium | 0.7 ppb | 6.999·10-8 % | 19.3 Mt | 2.8·1018 USD |
| 77Ir | Iridium | 0.4 ppb | 4·10-8 % | 11 Mt | 6.1·1017 USD |
| 36Kr | Krypton | 0.15 ppb | 1.499·10-8 % | 4.15 Mt | 1.2·1015 USD |
| 54Xe | Xenon | 0.02 ppb | 2·10-9 % | 554 Gt | 9.9·1014 USD |
| 88Ra | Radium | 1·10-4 ppb | 1·10-11 % | 2.77 Gt | - |
| 91Pa | Protactinium | 1·10-5 ppb | 1·10-12 % | 277 kt | - |