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Tellur [tʰɛˈluːɐ̯] (lat. tellus „Erde“) ist ein chemisches Element mit dem Elementsymbol Te und der Ordnungszahl 52. Im Periodensystem steht es in der sechsten Hauptgruppe, bzw. der 16. IUPAC-Gruppe, und 5. Periode und zählt damit zu den Chalkogenen.
Es ist ein silbergraues, giftiges, weiches, sprödes sowie seltenes Halbmetall, welches im Aussehen Zinn und Antimon ähnelt. Es ist ungefähr so selten wie Gold, allerdings weitaus billiger. Es wird hauptsächlich für Legierungen und Photovoltaikanlagen verwendet. Tellur wurde 1782 entdeckt, die Benennung erfolgte nach Tellus, einer Gottheit der römischen Mythologie. Nur selten kommt Tellur gediegen in der Natur vor. China ist mit Abstand der weltweit größte Produzent des Halbmetalls.