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Osmium ist ein chemisches Element mit dem Elementsymbol Os und der Ordnungszahl 76; im Periodensystem der Elemente steht es in der 8. Gruppe, der Eisengruppe. Es ist ein hartes, sprödes, stahlblaues Übergangsmetall und gehört zu den Platinmetallen. Osmium besitzt mit 462 GPa den höchsten Kompressionsmodul aller Elemente, lediglich übertroffen von aggregierten Diamant-Nanostäbchen, und mit 22,6 g/cm3 die höchste Dichte.
Biologische Funktionen von Osmium sind weder im menschlichen noch in anderen Organismen bekannt. Technisch wird Osmium wegen seines hohen Preises nur verwendet, wenn Haltbarkeit und Härte ausschlaggebend sind.