Element lists
Listing of chemical elements according to their properties, different categories, classification of various categories and similar.
Group
The periodic table of elements is divided into columns, which are referred to as groups. The main and subgroups are considered subdivisions. The elements of the same groups have similar properties and the same number of valence electrons.
Period
The periodic table is divided into rows, which are referred to as periods. The electron energy increases with the principal quantum number, each period ends with a noble gas.
Category
Element categories refer to groups of elements whose electrical conductivities are similar. They serve as a basic classification of the classical periodic table.
Era of discovery
Classification of the periodic table according to epochs of the discovery of the elements. The oldest elements have been known since antiquity, others were only synthesized in the 2000s. Most elements were discovered in the 19th century.
Block
The classification of chemical elements as blocks is based on the most energetic orbitals of their electron shell. A block groups several groups of the periodic table together.
Phase
States of matter (phases) are fundamental manifestations of matter, which differ abruptly in the mobility of their atoms and molecules as well as in the strength of interactions between them.
Natural occurrence
Natural occurrence is a classification of the elements of the periodic table according to naturally existing stable, radioactive or only synthetically produced nuclides.
Basicity
Basicity refers to the measure of a chemical compound’s ability to accept protons. Basic elements tend to share their free electron pair.
Goldschmidt Classification
The classification named after Victor M. Goldschmidt is a classification of chemical elements used in geochemistry according to their affinity for different carrier phases.
Radioactivity
Radioactivity is the property of unstable atomic nuclei to spontaneously emit ionizing radiation. The radioactive elements in this overview are subdivided according to the half-lives of their most stable isotopes.
Crystal structure
The crystal structure describes the arrangement of atoms, ions or molecules in a crystalline material. Given for solid elements under standard conditions in the thermodynamically most stable form. Otherwise, the information refers to the melting point of the element.
Magnetism
Magnetism is a physical phenomenon. All fundamental charged elementary particles have a characteristic magnetic moment, which add up additively from the contributions of the individual building blocks in a solid.
Superconductor
Superconductors are elements whose electrical resistance becomes practically zero when falling below the so-called transition tempperature. Technical applications of superconductivity are the generation of strong magnetic fields as well as measurement and energy technology.